Albert Racinet. Original drawings and autograph texts from his famous “Costumes”.

Racinet

 

Albert Racinet (1825-1893), illustrator, painter, and author of books on costumes and ornaments. A collection of preparatory drawings for the publication of the book *Le Costume historique*, published in 1876 by Firmin-Didot. 7 drawings labeled in pencil, ink, and watercolor with gold highlights, on fine paper of various sizes, accompanied by handwritten explanatory texts, all mounted on 8 large leaves of card stock (38 x 26.5 cm).

The work, published in six volumes, contained nearly 500 plates of costumes, drawn by Albert Racinet and reproduced as lithographs. “The most most important general compilation on costume,” Colas notes. The drawings and texts were mounted on backing paper to preserve them, as the sheets were very thin and therefore extremely fragile.

Valuable preparatory documents.

The printed work includes four lithographed illustrations, along with textual variations.

“Commencement du XIVe siècle, règne de Philippe de Valois”. (Dim : 20,2 x 10,9 cm). Reprinted from Volume IV,”Europe-Moyen-Age”, n° 23, “Temps de Philippe de Valois (1328-1350)”. Includes a title and explanatory text, which was revised and expanded in the printed version.

Racinet

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Volume II : Océanie.

N° 3, [Papuan chief with his “headdress, the chief’s insignia”]. (Dim. : 21,1 x 14,8 cm).

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N° 9, “Archipel des Ă®les Salomon, Ă®le de san-Cristoval” [Today, Makira Island]. (Dim. : 22,4 x 16,2 cm).

Racinet

Includes an explanatory text that also provides details on the production and consumption of betel, as well as on the making of poisoned arrows.

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[Minor accidents in the first three lines]: « […] sa figure est tatouĂ©e au moyen d’incisions fait dans la peau et qui plusieurs fois rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©es, y ont laissĂ© des cicatrices.Sa chevelure, très fournie et teinte en roux Ă  la chaux, et ornĂ©e d’un diadème d’ovules blanches, d’un peigne surmontĂ© de plumes de perroques [sic] et de deux glands rouges.Un hausse-col en cacre [i.e. nacre] un collier de dents humaines, des boucles d’oreilles, un pagne remarquable et des bracelets de rondelles dĂ©coupĂ©es dans des coquilles, ce qui indique une somme de travail considĂ©rable, forment sa parure. Il porte suspendu au cĂ´tĂ© et engagĂ© dans un lien, des anneaux de coquilles, monnaie du pays. A cĂ´tĂ© se trouvent la boĂ®te Ă  bĂ©tel et ses accessoires, la gourde et l’aiguille Ă  chaux. Le bĂ©tel est une substance enivrante se composant d’un mĂ©lange de poudre de noix d’arec, de poivre et de chaux. Pour s’en servir, le naturel fait une boulette qu’il place dans le coin de la bouche et qu’il mâche Ă  loisir ; pour en raviver l’effet, il mouille l’aiguille avec de la salive, la trempe dans la gourde Ă  chaux et met dans la bouche des parcelles qui s’y trouvent adhĂ©rentes.

Les naturels des Ă®les Salomon sont ornĂ©s de flèches et d’arcs. Notons en passant que les archipels oĂą l’on se sert de ces engins forment une bande qui s’étend de la Nouvelle GuinĂ©e aux Ă®les Viti [Fidji] ; les PolynĂ©siens, ainsi que les habitants de l’Australie et de la Nouvelle-CalĂ©donie ne s’en servent pas.

Les flèches que nous prĂ©sentons sont d’un remarquable travail ; elles se composent d’une hampe en rĂ©seau dans laquelle un dard en bois habilement barbelĂ© s’engage par la pointe infĂ©rieure (nous plaçons deux de ces dards sur le socle) les flèches sont souvent terminĂ©es par un os taillĂ© en pointe, ornementĂ© et empoisonnĂ© ; pour cette dernière opĂ©ration, on trempe, dit-on, ce dard dans un corps en putrĂ©faction (c’est la piqĂ»re anatomique), souvent aussi dans un jus de plantes vĂ©nĂ©neuses. La corde de l’arc est faite avec uçne liane. Un casse-tĂŞte est placĂ© dans la main gauche ; on remarquera les belles courbes de cette pièce de choix. (Nous devons ces renseignements Ă  la bienveillance de M. le docteur Hamy, dont les conseils nous ont Ă©tĂ© fort prĂ©cieux). Â» [Ernest Hamy (1842-1908) French anthropologist and ethnologist, founder of the TrocadĂ©ro Museum of Ethnography in 1878.]

[We translate:

Her face is tattooed with incisions made in the skin; repeated many times, these have left scars. Her hair, very thick and dyed a reddish-brown with lime, is adorned with a tiara of white ovules, a comb topped with parrot feathers [sic], and two red tassels. His adornments consist of a cacre [i.e., mother-of-pearl] ruff, a necklace of human teeth, earrings, a remarkable loincloth, and bracelets made of discs cut from seashells—all of which indicate a considerable amount of work. Hanging from his side and secured by a cord are rings made of seashells, which serve as the local currency. Next to him are the betel box and its accessories, the gourd, and the lime needle. Betel is an intoxicating substance consisting of a mixture of areca nut powder, pepper, and lime. To use it, the native forms a small ball, places it in the corner of his mouth, and chews it at his leisure; to revive the effect, he wets the needle with saliva, dips it into the lime gourd, and puts into his mouth the bits of lime that have adhered to it.

The natives of the Solomon Islands are adorned with arrows and bows. It is worth noting in passing that the archipelagos where these weapons are used form a band stretching from New Guinea to the Viti Islands [Fiji]; the Polynesians, as well as the inhabitants of Australia and New Caledonia, do not use them.

The arrows we present here are of remarkable craftsmanship; they consist of a lattice-work shaft into which a skillfully barbed wooden arrowhead is inserted by its lower tip (we place two of these arrowheads on the base). The arrows are often tipped with a bone carved into a point, ornamented and poisoned; for this final step, it is said that the shaft is dipped into a decaying corpse (this is the “anatomical prick”), and often also into the juice of poisonous plants. The bowstring is made from a vine. A club is held in the left hand; note the beautiful curves of this fine specimen. (We owe this information to the kindness of Dr. Hamy, whose advice has been most valuable to us.)]

N° 15. “Papous”. (Dim. : 21,9 x 11 cm).

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With title and explanatory text : « Dans les Ă®les qui entourent la Nouvelle-GuinĂ©e et sur quelques points de ce continent, habitent des naturels qui ont acquis un certain degrĂ© de civilisation. Le n° 29 prĂ©sente un de ces types. Il est habillĂ© d’un sac ouvert en haut pour le passage des bras et de la tĂŞte, qui parait ĂŞtre et avoir Ă©tĂ© le vĂŞtement des peuples primitifs. Ce vĂŞtement porte une curieuse hĂ©misphĂ©rique fait en feuilles de vaquois [i.e. vacoa], Ă©galement brodĂ© ombrage la tĂŞte. L’armement se compose d’un sabre de facture singulière, d’une longue lance en fer et d’un bouclier ornĂ© de fragments d’ovules blanches Â». [On the islands surrounding New Guinea and in certain parts of that continent live natives who have attained a certain degree of civilization. No. 29 [No. 15 printed] depicts one such individual. He is dressed in a sack open at the top to allow the arms and head to pass through, which appears to be—and to have been—the garment of primitive peoples. This garment features a curious hemispherical hood made of vaquois [i.e., vacoa] leaves, also embroidered, which shades the head. His weaponry consists of a sabre of unusual design, a long iron spear, and a shield adorned with fragments of white ovules.] [Small tear, repaired]. 

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3 drawings were not selected.

“Mexique ((guerillero)”. (Dim : 21,2 x 14,3 cm).Racinet

Racinet

With title and explanatory text: « [The costume] se compose d’une veste et d’un pantalon en cuir souple de couleur rousse, fendu sur les cĂ´tĂ©s et attachĂ© de proche en proche par de petits boutons pourvus d’une chaĂ®nette et d’un ÔŽ que l’on engage dans les deux boutonnières opposĂ©es. Le bas des jambes reste gĂ©nĂ©ralement dĂ©boutonnĂ©, laissant voir des jambières en cuir ornementĂ©. Un grand chapeau en feutre couvre la tĂŞte, ornĂ© d’une torsade nommĂ© toquilla. Sur les Ă©paules flotte une grande pièce d’étoffe tissĂ©e d’une manière remarquable, presque impermĂ©able Ă  l’eau et nommĂ© zarape. Les Mexicains sont très habiles Ă  lancer le lasso, qui se compose d’une corde, assouplie par des manipulations particulières ; le lasso est attachĂ© par une de ses extrĂ©mitĂ©s Ă  la selle, et se termine Ă  l’autre bout par un nĹ“ud coulant. Notre Mexicain porte un beaux sabre dont la garde est recouverte de velour brodĂ©, une cartouchière, un fusil Ă  piston, enfin un bracelet Ă  capsules placĂ© sur le bras gauche. Le cuir reçois dans ce pays une ornementation très-riche, au moyen de ciselures et de repousses habilement pratiquĂ©s ; les selles que possède notre [mot illisible]en donnent un exemple. Â» [bBginning missing] [The costume] consists of a jacket and pants made of supple reddish-brown leather, slit at the sides and fastened at regular intervals by small buttons fitted with a chain and a ÔŽ that is threaded through the two opposite buttonholes. The bottoms of the legs are generally left unbuttoned, revealing ornate leather leg guards. A large felt hat covers the head, adorned with a braided cord called a toquilla. Draped over the shoulders is a large piece of fabric woven in a remarkable manner, almost waterproof, and called a zarape. Mexicans are highly skilled at throwing the lasso, which consists of a rope made supple by special techniques; one end of the lasso is attached to the saddle, and the other end terminates in a noose. Our Mexican wears a fine saber with a hilt covered in embroidered velvet, a cartridge belt, a piston-action rifle, and finally a cap band on his left arm. Leather in this country is richly ornamented with skillfully executed chiseling and repoussĂ©; the saddles owned by our [illegible word] are a fine example of this.]

“Esquimau”. (Dim : 17,9 x 13, 8 cm). 

Racinet

With title and explanatory text that provides details on spearfishing and snowshoeing [very minor, insignificant tear in the upper right corner] : Â« si nous remontons Ă  l’extrĂŞme nord, nous trouvons les Esquimaux et nous prĂ©sentons deux types. Ces populations habitent les bords de la mer ou les rives des grands lacs de l’AmĂ©rique septentrionale. Elle sont peu guerrières, et se livrent presque exclusivement Ă  la pèche. D’ailleurs les engins qu’elles emploient contre les grands poissons sont aussi ceux dont elles se servent pour le combat. Le n° 52 est vĂŞtu d’une veste et d’une culotte en peau de phoque, sur lesquels s’adapte un capuchon en peau de renard entourant la tĂŞte, et d’une sorte de couvre-cuisses en peau d’ours blanc. Des bottes et des mitons en peau de loutre complètent le costume. La main droit tient une lance-harpon, composĂ©e d’une hampe en bois, sur laquelle est engagĂ©e par la pointe infĂ©rieure un dard en os barbelĂ© ; une lanière en cuir fixĂ©e au dard s’enroule ensuite sur la hampe, Ă  laquelle elle est Ă©galement attachĂ©e. Par cette disposition, lorsque le poisson est atteint, le dard quitte son alvĂ©ole, la lanière se dĂ©roule, et la hampe en surnageant indique la marche de l’animal sous l’eau. La main gauche de notre Esquimau s’appuie sur les raquettes, sorte de patins, qui lui permettent de se mouvoir sur une couche de neige fraichement tombĂ©e sans s’y enfoncer.» [If we go all the way up to the far north, we find the Eskimos, of whom there are two types. These peoples live along the coast or on the shores of the great lakes of North America. They are not very warlike and devote themselves almost exclusively to fishing. Moreover, the equipment they use to catch large fish is the same as that which they use in battle. No. 52 is dressed in a jacket and breeches made of sealskin, over which fits a fox-fur hood encircling the head, and a sort of thigh cover made of polar bear skin. Boots and mittens made of otter skin complete the outfit. The right hand holds a harpoon, consisting of a wooden shaft onto which a barbed bone dart is fitted at its lower tip; a leather strap attached to the dart then wraps around the shaft, to which it is also fastened. With this arrangement, when the fish is struck, the barbed bone dart is released from its socket, the leather strap uncoils, and the shaft, floating on the surface, indicates the animal’s movement underwater. Our Eskimo’s left hand rests on snowshoes—a sort of skate—which allow him to move across a layer of freshly fallen snow without sinking into it.]

“Esquimaux des Ă®les AlĂ©outiennes”. (Dim : 21,9 x 13,9 cm).

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 With explanatory text: “[beginning missing]. Il porte sur son costume, fait en peau de phoque, une longue tunique en peau de phoque, une longue tunique très-rĂ©sistante en intestin de poisson. C’est un vĂŞtement qui le garantit de la pluie et de la neige. Une visière ornĂ©e de perles et de barbes de phoque lui garantit les yeux. Il a un carquois d’arc et de flèches Ă©galement fait en peau de poisson. Il porte deux javelots en os Ă  dards barbelĂ©s, ainsi que deux flèches, l’une terminĂ©e par une pointe en basalte, l’autre par un os dans lequel est engagĂ©e une autre pointe en basalte.» [Over his suit, made of sealskin, he wears a long tunic made of sealskin—a very durable tunic made of fish intestines. It is a garment that protects him from rain and snow. A visor adorned with beads and seal whiskers protects his eyes. He carries a quiver for his bow and arrows, also made of fish intestine. He carries two bone javelins with barbed tips, as well as two arrows—one tipped with basalt, the other with a bone shaft into which another basalt tip is fitted.]

Racinet

2 800 €